A new dihydrostilbene from aerial part of Cannabis sativa / 中国中药杂志

The present study investigated the chemical constituents in the aerial part of Cannabis sativa. The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC and identified according to their spectral data and physicochemical properties. Thirteen compounds were isolated from the acetic ether extract of C. sativa and identified as 3',5',4″,2-tetrahydroxy-4'-methoxy-3-methyl-3″-butenyl p-disubstituted benzene ethane(1), 16R-hydroxyoctadeca-9Z,12Z,14E-trienoic acid methyl ester(2),(1'R,2'R)-2'-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5'-methyl-4-pentyl-1',2',3',4'-tetrahydro-(1,1'-biphenyl)-2,6-diol(3), β-sitosteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6'-O-palmitate(4), 9S,12S,13S-trihydroxy-10-octadecenoate methyl ester(5), benzyloxy-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), phenylethyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), 3Z-enol glucoside(8), α-cannabispiranol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranose(9), 9S,12S,13S-trihydroxyoctadeca-10E,15Z-dienoic acid(10), uracil(11), o-hydroxybenzoic acid(12), and 2'-O-methyladenosine(13). Compound 1 is a new compound, compound 3 is a new natural product, and compounds 2, 4-8, 10, and 13 were isolated from Cannabis plant for the first time.

TSPAN8 is involved in lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8) expression levels and its role in lipid metabolism during the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).@*METHODS@#Thirty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet group and high-fat diet (HFD) group (n=15), and after feeding for 1, 3, and 6 months, the expression levels of TSPAN8 in the liver tissues of the mice were detected with Western blotting. In a HepG2 cell model of NAFLD induced by free fatty acids (FFA), the effect of TSPAN8 overexpression on lipid accumulation was examined using Oil Red O staining and an automated biochemical analyzer, and the mRNA expressions of the key genes involved in lipid metabolism were detected using qRT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Western blotting showed that compared with that in mice with normal feeding, the expression of TSPAN8 was significantly decreased in the liver tissues of mice with HFD feeding for 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05). In HepG2 cells, treatment with FFA significantly decreased the expression of TSPAN8 at both the mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.01). TSPAN8 overexpression in FFA-treated cells showed significantly lowered intracellular triglyceride levels (P < 0.001) and obviously reduced mRNA expression of fatty acid transport protein 5 (FATP5) (P < 0.01). The expression of FATP5 was significantly increased in FFA-treated cells as compared with the control cells (P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#TSPAN8 is involved in lipid metabolism in NAFLD, and overexpression of TSPAN8 may inhibit cellular lipid deposition by reducing the expression of FATP5.

Effect of Ginsenoside Rg1 on Lipid Uptake and Oxidation in HepG2 Cells of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1（G-Rg1）in ameliorating lipid uptake and oxidation in HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acids (FFA). Method:HepG2 cells were divided into normal group, model group，low-dose ginsenoside Rg1 group (25 μmol·L-1) and high-dose G-Rg1 group (50 μmol·L-1). HepG2 cells were treated with 1 mmol·L-1 free fatty acid for 24 h to construct the NAFLD cell model, and then treated with 25，50 μmol·L-1 G-Rg1 for 24 h. The effect of G-Rg1 on HepG2 cell activity was determined by cell counting kit-8（CCK-8） assay. The level of triglyceride (TG) was detected by micro method. The accumulation of lipid droplets was observed by oil red O staining. Quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the alterations of key genes and proteins relating to lipid uptake and metabolism. Result:Compared with the normal group, the intracellular TG level and the absorbance of the oil red O staining in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, G-Rg1 reduced TG and lipid deposition were significantly reduced (P<0.01).Results of Real-time PCR and Western blot showed that compared with normal group, model group peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors gamma（PPARγ），fatty acid binding protein 1（FABP1），fatty acid transport protein 2/5（FATP2/5）and fatty acid translocase（CD36）expressions increased（P<0.05），whereas peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors α（PPARα），carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1（CPT1）and peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1（ACOX1）expressions decreased（P<0.05）. Compared with the model group, the expressions of PPARγ, FABP1, FATP2, FATP5 and CD36 in the G-Rg1 group were decreased (P<0.05，P<0.01), while the expressions of PPARα, CPT1 and ACOX1 were increased (P<0.05，P<0.01). Conclusion:G-Rg1 can ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD cell model by reducing lipid uptake and increasing lipid oxidation.

Chemical constituents of Artemisia argyi / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Artemisia argyi. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC, and its structure were identified by their spectral data and physicochemical properties analysis. Results: Thirty-four compounds were isolated from A. argyi with the structures identified as 5-hydroxy-6,7,3’,4’- tetramethoxyflavone (1), eupatorin (2), p-hydroxy-acetophenone (3), raspberry ketone (4), zingiberone (5), 7-hydroxycoumarin (6), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), desacetoxymatricarin (8), 3α-hydroxy-1(10),4,11(13)-triene-12,6α-olide (9), jaceosidin (10), 7-hydrxyterpineol (11), cis-2,8-dihydroxy-p-mentha-1(7)-en (12), trans-2,8-dihydroxy-p-mentha-1(7)-en (13), artemisetin (14), scopoletin (15), arteminolide C (16), desacetylmatricarin (17), artecalin (18), 11,13-dehydrodesacetylmatricarin (19), 1,9-azelaic acid (20), 3-methoxy-tanapartholide (21), phaseic acid (22), seco-guaiaretic acid (23), 5,3’,4’-trihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxy-flavone (24), 1,7-pimelic acid (25), 10-epi-ajafinin (26), 3-epi-iso-seco-tanapartholide (27), austroyunnane C (28), artanomaloide (29), ligustolide A (30), seco-tanapartholide B (31), 3-dehydroxy-iso-seco-tanapartholide (32), 3α-hydroxyreynosin (33), dihydrophaseic acid (34). Conclusion: Compounds 4, 22, 25, 30, 33, 34 are separated from the Artemisia for the first time. Compounds 5, 7, 8, 11-13, 21, 23, 24, 26-28 are isolated from A. argyi for the first time.

Chemical constituents from leaf of Syringa oblata / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the leaf of Syringa oblata. Methods The compounds was isolated by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC, and their structure were identified by spectral data analysis. Results A total of 35 compounds were isolated and identified as oleanolic acid (1), ursolic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), 1,3-benzodioxole-5-propanol (4), p-hydroxyl benzene propyl alcohol (5), p-hydroxyl benzene ethel alcohol (6), syringopicrogenin D (7), syringopicrogenin E (8), syringopicrogenin F (9), syringopicrogenin A (10), syringopicrogenin C (11), 3,4-dihydroxyl benzene ethel alcohol (12), syringobittergenin B (13), syringo-picrogenin B (14), grasshopper ketone (15), (7R,8S)-4,9,9’-trihydroxyl-3,3’-dimethoxyl-7,8- dihydrobenzofuran-1’-propylneolignan (16), lariciresinol (17), syringin (18), 3(Z)-enol glucoside (19), quercetin-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (20), (8E)-ligstroside (21), epipinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (22), (8E)-ligstroside B (23), (8E)-ligstroside A (24), salidroside (25), 7-dehydrologanin (26), fliederoside B (27), syringopicroside B (28), oleoside dimethyl ester (29), lilacoside (30), syrigopicroside (31), oleuropein (32), (+)-lariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (33), verbascoside (34), and (+)- epipinoresinol-4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (35). Conclusion Compounds 4, 5, 14-16, 19, 23, 24, 26, and 27 are isolated from S. oblata for the first time.

Study on chemical constituents from whole herbs of Xanthium mongolicum / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the whole herbs of Xanthium mongolicum. Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by chromatography on silica gel column and HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis. Results: Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as lasidiol p-methoxybenzoat (1), β-selinene (2), xanthatin (3), xanthinosin (4), luteone (5), daucosterol (6), 4β,5β-epoxy xanthatin-1α,4α-endoperoxide (7), (6S,9R)-vomifoliol (8), dehydrovomifoliol (9), 3(Z)-hexenyl-β-D-glycoside (10), 4-oxo-bedfordia acid (11), 11α,13-dihydro-8-epi-xanfbut (12), scopolin (13), pinoresinol (14), β-sitosterol (15), quercetin (16), and methyl p-hydroxybenzonate (17). Conclusion: The compounds 2, 8, 9, 10, and 17 are isolated from the plants of Xanthium L. for the first time and the compounds 1, 5, 7, 11 and 13 are isolated from the whole herbs of X. mongolicum for the first time.

A new iridoid from leaves of Syringa oblata / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Syringa oblata. Methods: The compound was isolated by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC, and its structure was elucidated by means of spectral analyses. Results: A new iridoid was isolated and identified as 1β, 3α-diethoxy-7-oxo-8β-methyl-1, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 7a-octahydro-cyclopenta [c] pyran-4β-carboxylic- p-hydroxyphenethyl ester (1). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound, named syringopicrogenin F.

Chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents from Euphorbia lunulata was investigated in this paper. Fourteen compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatographies on silica gel and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physiochemical properties and NMR data analysis as lupeol (1), euphol (2), cassipourol(3) , 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta-ol (4), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3beta-ol (5), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (6), betulin (7), uvaol (8), (23E) -25-methoxycycloart-23-en-3beta-ol (9), (23E) -cycloart-23,25-dien-3beta-ol (10), 24-methylenecycloartan-3beta, 28-diol (11), salicinolide (12), 2alpha, 3beta, 5alpha, 9alpha, 15beta-pentaacetoxy-11,12-epoxy-7beta, 8alpha-diisobutyryloxyjatropha-6 (17) -en-14-one (13) and 3beta, 5alpha, 15beta-triacetoxy-7beta-isobutyryloxy-9alpha-nicotinoyloxyjatropha-6 (17), 11(E)-dien-14-one (14). Among them, compounds 1-11 were isolated from E. lunulata for the first time.

Chemical constituents from roots of Ixeris chinensis / 中国中药杂志

Silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC were applied to isolate the chemical constituents from the roots of Ixeris chinensis. Fifteen compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated by the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis as chinensioide G(1), chinensioide B(2), 10α-hydroxy-guaia-12,6-lactone-3-keton(3), chinensioide C(4), 10α-hydroxy-11βH-guaia-4(5) -ene-12,6-lactone (5), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-11βH-guaia-11 (13)-ene-12,6-lactone (6), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-4βH, 11βH-guaia-12,6-lactone(7), 3β, 10α-dihydroxy-guaia-4 (15), 11 (13) -diene-12, 6-lactone (8), caffeic acid (9), p-hydorxyphenylacetic acid(10), methyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (11), ethyl p-hydroxyphenylacetate (12), sitosterol (13), daucosterol (14), and ixerin D(15). Compound 1 was new, and 6 and 7 were isolated from I. chinensis for the first time.

Surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the causes of misdiagnosis and the surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 26 patients with PHPT from July 2008 to January 2013 in The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College and The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively analyzed, including preoperative diagnosis and operative method. The level of serum calciumion and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), Ultrasonography, CT, (99)mTc-methoxy isobutylis onitrile ((99)mTc-MIBI) were used in the diagnosis before operation. All patients accepted surgical treatment after the level of serum calciumion decreased to normal.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of PTH was examined 10 min after resection, which declined more than 50%. After pathological examination, 23 cases were diagnosed as parathyroid adenoma, 2 cases were parathyroid hyperplasia, and 1 case was parathyroid carcinoma. The level of serum calciumion and serum parathyroid hormone were returned to the normal level after operation. All patients recovered with no postoperative complication.Followed up lasted from 6 months to 5 years, no case recurred.Sixteen cases with symptoms experienced significant improvement in signs, including 10 cases with clinical symptoms completely disappeared.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The test of serum calciumion and serum PTH, Ultrasonography, CT, (99)mTc-MIBI are helpful to reduce the misdiagnose rate of primary hyperparathyroidism before operation. The examination of serum parathyroid hormone in operation is helpful to reduce the operation range and time.</p>

Study on chemical constituents of Ixeris chinensis Nakai / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Ixeris chinensis Nakai. METHODS: The constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, HPLC and recrystallization, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis. RESULTS: Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as Chinensioide F(1), Chinensioide C(2), daucosterol(3), 6'-phydroxyphenylacetyl-Ixerin D(4), methyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate(5), p-hydroxyphenylethanol(6), 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hedroxyphenylpropynol(7), 10α-hydroxy-guaia-12,6-lactone-3-keton(8), sitosterol(9), Chinensioide E(10), Chinensioide D(11), Ixerochinoside(12), 3β,10α-dihydroxy-guaia-4(15), 11(13)-diene-12,6-lactone(13), 10α-hydroxy-11βH-guaia-4(15)-ene-12,6-lacton(14) and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(15). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is new (chinensiode F). Compound 4~7 and 12~14 were isolated from I. chinensis Nakai for the first time.

Effect of sildenafil on ABR thresholds shift to noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of sildenafil to noise-induced hearing loss in guinea pigs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Guinea pigs were randomly divided into control group, noise exposure group and the sildenafil treatment group, with 10 in each group. One week after the exposure of 110 dB (A) white noise, sildenafil [10 mg/(kg×d)] and normal saline [4 ml/(kg×d)] were injected into guinea pigs of noise plus sildenafil group (NSG) and noise plus normal saline group(NNG) respectively. One week after noise exposure to four weeks continuous administration. ABR thresholds were measured respectively prior to the experiment, 1 week post-noise, 1, 2 and 4 weeks post-drugs. The changes of cochlea hair cells were also observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After noise exposure, the ABR threshold shifts in NSG were significantly fewer than that in the NNG. An average of 19.1 dB in NNG compared with 19.8 dB in NSG. Four weeks after exposure, the threshold shifts were become larger to 22.0 dB in NNG while become smaller to 4.8 dB in NSG. Compared NNG with NSG, in addition to noise exposure time point, there were statistically significant differences in the rest time points after administration of the ABR threshold (P<0.05). SEM showed that the inner and outer hair cells in NNG displayed mess, fusion and imperfections. In NSG, the hair cells displayed slight pathological changes, there was no significant difference when compared with control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sildenafil is able to reduce the ascending of ABR thresholds shift, and it can significantly protect against noise-induced hearing loss.</p>

Development and usage of the convenient moxa cone maker / 中国针灸

Moxibustion therapy is a non-invasive and natural therapy that is accepted by modern society with advantages of effectiveness and low-cost. However, the traditional process of producing hand-made moxa cone is time consuming, complicated, inefficient and difficult for mass production. Consequently, it hardly meets the clinical demands. This seriously reduces the popularization and promotion of traditional therapy with moxa cone. To deal with this problem, a new type of convenient moxa cone maker, which can easily and quickly produce multi-model moxa cones in mass production with constant specifications and uniform density. The mass production process is saving in material and low cost with high production efficiency. Application of the convenient moxa cone maker meets the needs of moxa cone in the clinical and scientific research and contributes to the popularization and promotion of traditional therapy with moxa cone.

Studies on chemical constituents of Astragalus dahuricus / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents in Astragalus dahuricus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel and HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by their spectroscopic evidences.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Six compounds were identified as: 7, 2'-dihydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxyisoflavan (1), 2'-hydroxy-3', 4'-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 8, 2'-dihydroxy-7, 4'-dimethoxyisoflavan (3), 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone (4), 7, 3'-dihydroxy-4'-metho-xyisoflavone (5), 9, 10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-6 were obtained from this plant for the first time.</p>

On moxibustion for preventing diseases / 中国针灸

Along with the improvement of living standard, people's consciousness about health care is gradually raising. Moxibustion is a convenient and effective therapy for preventing diseases and prolonging life. In this paper, functions of moxibustion therapy are probed from the preventing diseases, reasonable selection of acupoints and clinical studies, etc. It is held that moxibustion can promote metabolism and increase immune function, hence preventing diseases and prolonging life.

Multi-central randomized controlled investigation on the massage for supplementing qi and removing obstruction in the Governor Vessel for treatment of infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To make multi-central clinical evaluation of the massage for supplementing qi and removing obstruction in the Governor Vessel for treatment of infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using multi-central, randomized and controlled method, 275 cases were randomly divided into an observation group (n = 137) and a control group (n = 138). The observation group were treated by the massage for supplementing qi and removing obstruction in the Governor Vessel, and the control group by routine massage therapy in Tuina Science, a teaching material for college and school of TCM. After treatment for 7 days, their therapeutic effects were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured rate was 83.2% in the observation group and 69.6% in the control group with a signifi cant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05), the former being better than the latter. The mean cured time was (3.22 +/- 1.04) days in the observation group and (4.20 +/- 1.11) days in the control group with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05), the former being shorter than the latter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The massage for supplementing qi and removing obstruction in the Governor Vessel has a definite therapeutic effect on infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, with rapid effect.</p>

Expression and clinical significance of Endostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor basic-2 in laryngeal carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the expression and clinical significance of Endostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor basic-2 (FGF-2) in the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of Endostatin, VEGF and FGF-2 in 50 specimens of LSCC, 40 specimens of para-carcinoma and 10 specimens of normal laryngeal tissues were examined by Flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal tissues, the expression level and positive rate of Endostatin, VEGF, FGF-2 in LSCC were different in statistics (P < 0.05); the expression level and positive rate of endostatin, VEGF, FGF-2 in LSCC are obviously higher than those in para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal tissues. The expression level and positive rate of Endostatin, VEGF, FGF-2 were no difference in statistics between para-carcinoma and normal laryngeal tissues (P > 0.05). The expression level and positive rate of Endostatin, VEGF, FGF-2 in LSCC were associated with lymphoid metastasis and clinical stage, not associated with age, sex and clinical group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endostatin, VEGF and FGF-2 play important role in the incidence, development and prognosis of the LSCC.</p>

Expressing, Purification and Identification of Neuritin Gene in the E. coli / 中国生物工程杂志

Neuritin is a new neurotrophic factor found recently. In order to identify the function of Neuritin clearly, the coding sequence of human neuritin was amplified by PCR from neuritin cDNA , this fragment digested by NocI and NotI was inserted into pET32a by T4 ligase and transformed into E. coli BL21 then the recombinant plasmid named pET32a-neuritin was constructed successfully . Neuritin was expressed distinctly after inducing by EPTG. The product was identified as neuritin by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis . The expression production was purified on Ni2+-NTA column.

Chemical constituents from bark of Juglans mandshurica / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the bark of Juglans mandshurica. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel,HPLC,and recrystallization.Their structures were elucidated by the physicochemical and spectroscopic evidences. Results Fifteen compounds were identified as:4,8-dihydroxynaphthalenyl-O-?D-(6′-acetoxyl)gluco- pyranoside(Ⅰ),dihydrokaempferol(Ⅱ),juglone(Ⅲ),daucosterol(Ⅳ),kaempferol(Ⅴ),4,8-dihy- droxynaphthalenyl-1-O-?-D-[6′-O-(3″,5″-dimethoxy-4″-hydroxybenzoyl)] glucopyranoside(Ⅵ), kaempferol-3-O-?-L-rhamnoside(Ⅶ),3,3′-dimethoxylellagic acid(Ⅷ),naringenin(Ⅸ),quercetin (Ⅹ),reginolone(Ⅺ),quercetin-3-O-?-L-rhamnoside(Ⅻ),naringenin-7-O-?-D-glucoside(ⅩⅢ),4,8- dihydroxynaphthalenyl-1-O-?-glucoside(ⅩⅣ),4,5,8-trihydroxy-?-tetralone-5-O-?-D-[6′-O-(4″-hy- droxy-3″,5″-dimethoxy-benzoyl)] glucoside(ⅩⅤ).Conclusion CompoundⅠ(juglamanol)is a new compound.CompoundsⅡ,Ⅶ—Ⅸ,Ⅻ,andⅩⅢare isolated from plants of Carya Nutt.for the first time.